富硒黑小麦面粉加工(小麦面粉加工黑富硒好吗)
146 2012, Vol.33, No.19食品科学 ※基础研究西农黑大穗黑小麦营养特性与蒸煮食品加工品质评价燕 雯,张正茂,阿尔哈力合·叶热仙巴依(西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西 杨凌 712100)摘 要:以黑小麦品种西农黑优为对照,研究西农黑大穗黑小麦的营养特性及蒸煮加工品质。结果表明:西农黑大穗千粒质量50.81g,高于西农黑优;灰分含量2.38%、蛋白质含量16.49%、总氨基酸含量13.12%,均高于西农黑优;面条感官评价得分84.63,馒头感官评价得分78.07。西农黑大穗黑小麦具有良好的面条加工性能,作为一种黑色食品新原料具有良好的开发前景。关键词:西农黑大穗黑小麦; 营养特性;品质评价 Nutritional Characteristics and Processing Quality Assessment of Heidasui Black WheatYAN Wen,ZHANG Zheng-mao,ARHALH·Yeresanbay(College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China)Abstract:The nutritional characteristics and cooking quality of Xinong Heidasui black wheat, a big ear-type black wheat cultivar bred by Northwest A & F University, were studied by comparison with those of Xinong Heiyou cultivar (bred also by the university). It was found that the 1000-grain weight of Xinong Heidasui was 50.81 g, which was higher than that of Xinong Heiyou. Xinong Heidasui was also higher in the contents of ash, protein and total amino acids than Xinong Heiyou, which were 2.38%, 16.49% and 13.12%, respectively. Noodles and steamed breads processed from Xinong Heidasui scored 84.63 and 78.07 in sensory evaluation, respectively. This study suggests that Xinong Heidasui has excellent suitability for producing noodle and can be seen as a promising new resource for black foods. Key words:Heidasui black wheat;nutritional property;quality evaluation中图分类号:TS210.1文献标识码:A 文章编号:1002-6630(2012)19-0146-05收稿日期: 2011-08-03 基金项目: 陕西省科技统筹创新工程重大项目(2011KTZB02-01)作者简介: 燕雯(1986—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事谷物化学与食品营养研究。
E-mail: *通信作者: 张正茂(1961—),男,研究员,本科,主要从事小麦育种与加工研究。E-mail: 黑色食品是指其天然颜色为黑色或紫红色的食品,研究表明,一般含有天然黑色素的食品营养价值、保健作用都高于同类的浅色食品,我国传统医学也有“逢黑必补”的食疗观点,近年来,黑色食品以其具有的自然性、营养性、功能性和科学性等特点而备受关注 [1]。作为人类赖以生存的主要粮食作物——小麦中的一员,营养全面的黑色小麦近年来成为了人们关注的焦点。黑小麦蛋白质含量与其浅色同类相比较高,构成其蛋白质的氨基酸种类齐全、配比合理,必需氨基酸比例高[2],Se、Fe、Mg、I、Mn、Zn等微量元素含量比白粒小麦高[3],不饱和脂肪酸含量仅次于大豆[4],含有的膳食纤维与普通浅色同类相比一般高出2~3倍[5],而且黑小麦富含抗氧化物质,可排出体内毒素,温热内脏,改善体质,延缓衰老[6-7]。黑小麦是具有滋补功效的粮食,因此在黑色食品中占有重要的地位[8]。正是由于黑色作物(食品)的独特营养保健功能,近年来成为人们研究、开发的热点和争先食用的美味佳肴食品[9],而黑小麦是一个集高营养、高滋补、高免疫力等功能于一身的天然“营养型”、“功能型”、“效益型”的珍稀品种,国内外市场一直供不应求,开发前景广阔[10]。由于小麦粒色变异非常丰富,不同粒色小麦品种的营养特性也不相同,在不同地区的不同生态环境下其营养特性也会有变化[11]。如何根据黑小麦所具有独特的营养保健等特性,将黑小麦加工成各种专用面粉并进一步转化为各种食品,促使黑小麦食品品种多样化,形成产业化良性循环是当务之急[3]。